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Bulgaria and the European Union
Bulgaria in 2007 was welcomed by European Union as its new satelite. Todays atributes of this organization are democracy, negotiation, and collective decision-making so this gives wide opportunity for Bulgaria. With opening of EU markets Bulgarian economy will have a chance for quick and success growth. Phare provided huge sum of money into Bulgaria as compensaation for dismantle and close the Kozloduv nuclear power plant. But still like other former member of Soviet block Romania, Bulgaria has some difficult problems like crime and corruption. View details
Theory of representation
This work explore Anne Phillips politics of presence theory of representation. This essay critically assess Anne Phillips politics of presence theory of representation, by contrasting it to alternative theories and interpretations forwarded by other scholars. The idea of representation in electoral politics goes back more than a century, but it has since been refined and expanded to cover a wide range of demographic and electoral contingencies. In particular, Phillips introduction of the notion of politics of presence adds new dimensions to political discourse in liberal democratic societies. View details
The European Union
The European Community has become one of the more important blocs of states which are shaping the globe today. Instead of focusing on the American bloc and the Asia Pacific region, analysts and thinkers have another point of reference which is the European point of view. In these terms, Europe has a significant presence and the regional bodies of Europe have a structural impact on Europe as well as those who wish to trade with Europe. Finally, there are a few policies of the EU which can be considered stronger or weaker in comparison to other countries of the world. As a market on its own, the EU becomes significant because of the large population, the availability of resources and the production opportunities which are present in the region. Of course the EU may not have the lucrative advantages that could be offered by China or other Asian countries but it does have the infrastructure in many places to support business at a level which countries such as India or even China may not be able to provide. Additionally, as a democratic force and as an international body, the European Union is unique amongst its peers since it has a very complex and highly evolved system of creating and establishing its democracy. Since the treaties of Paris and Rome, the body has been creating, expanding and explaining the democratic principles that have led to its inception. Even though the system designed by the stalwarts of the EU is held in high regard by many critics, there are those who say that the system produced by the organisation is cumbersome, a hindrance to the economy, non-transparent and does not take into account the sprit of democracy. View details
Thatcherism
The Thatcherism represents ideology of nationalism used as economic and social policy. Thatcherism constructed a large, national historical ground upon which to build its ideology. Thatcher's rule was a period in which monetary policies of enterprise and making history made a close relationship. This paper explores elements of Thatch used in Conservative and Labour parties and impact of Thatcherism after its failure. View details
Imperialism
The rationale behind the British, French, German and Italys imperial expansion into Africa is the subject of debate. Some political historians argue the rationale to be purely economic, while others insist that it was primarily political. The colonial powers themselves sought to explain their actions in ethical and moral terms. View details
UK Taxation System
Tax is applicable in the UK for individuals and companies. While individuals are taxed heavily irrespective of their income and social standing, companies enjoy reliefs so that business enterprises envisage growth and expansion. In UK tax on income is called Income tax. All income is not taxable. Tax is applicable only for the income that exceeds the non taxable amount. However there are allowances and reliefs which reduce the amount of net payable tax and in certain cases the person need not pay tax. Taxable incomes arises from earnings from employment, pension income from company, state and personal pensions, interest on savings, income from shares, income from trust and income from rent. A detailed study based on efficiency, equity and incentive reveals the merits and demerits of taxation in the UK. View details
The US Presidential Elections
The Presidential elections in the United States generate plenty of interest both within and outside the country. Ascending into the role of a superpower at the culmination of the Second World War, the US foreign policies have had significant impact in determining the political and economic success of nations all across the globe. In this context, the scholarship, reportage and opinion editorials published in the lead up to the elections can reveal the contentious issues and underlying themes. Such a study will help assess the merits and drawbacks of the American democratic enterprise, which the rest of this essay endeavours to. The themes and issues journalists and scholars have investigated most in the US presidential elections can be broadly classified under three heads, namely foreign policy, domestic economic policy and cultural issues. The quality of these investigations range from objective, balanced analyses to biased and ideologically motivated presentations, the latter being a regular feature of American journalism. View details
Politics of the Middle East
Historically, most of the Middle East countries were under dictatorship and tyranny. The intermediate power in the society such as the landed gentry, the city merchants, the tribal chiefs and others has effectively reduced the power of the state and negatively impacted the modernization. The changes, whether it is political, economical, cultural or social, happened at one country will affect peoples of other countries as well because of the global nature of the world. The implementation of globalization policies by most of the countries made it absolutely impossible for the people to stay away from developments in other countries. View details
European energy market
The European energy market was divided and was under the monopoly of member states until 1990. European Commission began liberalization of energy market for the needs of consumers and for growing of its economy and this policy is still working towards creating a single energy market, which will reduce value and increase the quality of the service. The present essay is aimed to analyse the position of the energy market and procedure of liberalization applied by government. View details
The Private Finance Initiative
The Private Finance Initiative is a approach that includes private companies financing the building and support of public structures such as roads, schools and hospitals. The investment by the private company is then recouped, with an interest from the government that authorised the project. The Private Finance Initiative has been named as one the most useful approaches of financing quality service to the public. PFI was introduced in Britain in the early 1990s by the then conservative government led by John Major. The main idea was to involve private in service provision to lessen the burden on the government. It was also aimed to bring a professionalism that is common in the private sector in provision of public services. View details